Methods and standards of pollen monitoring—significance of pollen measurements at different altitudes

Abstract Background The measurement of pollen concentrations has been performed according to various protocols in recent decades. In all approaches the following questions were importance: positioning measuring device (whether at roof or nose level), reliability as well comparability measurements. Methods Current methods for measurements and previous studies on heights are presented compared. Results most widely used is Hirst spore trap. Its data information, prediction models, clinical studies. position trap level remains current standard correlate best with “real world” situation regional symptom data. Conclusion guideline detection spores allergy networks (EN 16868:2019-09) Europe was an important step towards standardization. Modern, automated still experimental stage terms validation comparability. Harmonization from different a future challenge.